Researchers from Ateneo de Manila University’s Department of Biology and Universiti Malaysia Sarawak have confirmed the presence of toxic diatom species in the waters off Bacoor Bay in Cavite and Pagbilao Bay in Quezon, posing potential health risks to shellfish consumers. The microscopic algae species, Pseudo-nitzschia, which includes “P. pungens” and the newly discovered “P. brasiliana,” produces domoic acid, a toxin linked to severe illnesses.
The study, reported by ABS-CBN online, revealed that the presence of these diatoms could lead to amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) in humans, causing symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and in extreme cases, short-term memory loss. This is the first documented appearance of P. brasiliana in Luzon, further raising concerns about the safety of local shellfish.
Domoic acid is particularly dangerous because it accumulates in filter-feeding shellfish, such as mussels and clams, especially during algal blooms or “red tide” events when algae becomes an abundant food source. Alarmingly, the Washington State Department of Health notes that this toxin is heat-stable, meaning it cannot be destroyed by cooking or freezing, and there is currently no known antidote for ASP.
The last major outbreak of amnesic shellfish poisoning occurred in 1987 on Prince Edward Island in Canada, where four people died after consuming contaminated mussels. Since then, rigorous monitoring of shellfish and algae levels has been employed in many areas to prevent similar incidents. However, the discovery of toxic diatoms in the Philippines signals a need for increased vigilance among local health authorities and the seafood industry.
As coastal communities in Bacoor and Pagbilao rely heavily on shellfish farming, experts are urging consumers to avoid eating shellfish from these areas until thorough testing confirms it is safe. Researchers warn that the public must be informed of the potential hazards, as even small amounts of contaminated shellfish can pose serious health risks.
Local agencies are expected to intensify monitoring efforts and issue advisories to prevent possible poisoning cases. Authorities continue to advise caution, as the toxin’s stability makes it particularly challenging to mitigate risks through conventional food safety practices.
Jaja has a degree in journalism and took classes in international law and business communication. Her career spans roles at prominent international media outlets, including International Business Times, Celebeat and Delightful Philippines. As a news editor, Jaja covered a wide range of beats, including legal, business, economy, cryptocurrency, personal finance, gaming, technology, and entertainment.